Honing machine



April 19, 1938.

A. M. JOHNSON HONING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed June 29, 1956 .MHHHHHHHHHNH April 19, 1938.

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' HONING MACHINE Filed June 29, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 @TTonNEy mental Apr. 19, 193s UNITED Asri-fifa HONING MACHINE Albert M. Johnson, Rockford, lll., assigner to Barnes Drill Co., `Rockford, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application June 29, 1936, Serial No. 87,8%

r 9 Claims.

The invention relates to honing machines of the typ'e in which a rapidly rotating cylindrical abrasive tool-or hone is reciprocated in operative contact with a hollow cylindrical body to dress the surface thereof to a true contour and smooth nish.

The cutting eiciency of the honing tool is dependent vlargely upon its surface speed relative to the work. Optimum surface speeds vary accord- V10' ing to the type of abrasive used and the character of the material constituting the work. For example, a different surface speed is desirable forl cast iron than is used for steel orbronze. Likewise, hones designed for producing a mirror finish are preferably operated at different speeds than those used for rougher finishes.

The surface speed of the hone is determined,

of course, by its diameter and the rate at which it is rotated and reciprocated. It has been found that, to produce the most satisfactory surface finish, it is essential that the two movements of the hon'e be properly coordinated; that is, the hone must be reciprocated in definite timed relation to its rotation. Accordingly, accurate adjustment of both rotational and reciprocal speeds is necessary to obtain the proper surface speed of the tool at which it is capable of operating efficiently with different types of honing tools or on cylinders of different materials or of diierent .di-

ameters.

.With the foregoing in view, it is the principal object of the invention to provide an improved honing machine adapted to handle a wide variety of work which is capable of operating with maxi-y mum efficiency on any class of work within the capacity of the machine. This object is attained through the provision of hydraulic driving mechanism of an advantageous character whereby the rotative speed of the hone as well as its reciprocal speed can be varied infinitely within practical de- -sirable limits.

Another object is to provide an improved hydraulic system 'for a honing machine b'y which the hone may be rapidly reciprocated withoutshock or vibration and -by which the stroking may .be effected with materially greater uniformity than has heretofore been possible in honing machines employing hydraulic means for reciproeating the hone. Still another object is to provide an improved reciprocatory tool spindle carriage and supportV therefor together with improved means for driving the spindle.

Further objects of. the invention reside in the improved construction and arrangement ofthe control mechanism and the frame work of the machine to provide for they complete enclosure of the mechanism.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following descrip. 5

tion taken in connection with the accompanying y drawings, in which Figure 1 isa side elevational view of a honing machine embodying the features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the upper 10 part of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the machine taken along the line3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 isa detail view. taken along the line 4.-6 of Fig. 3 showing a part of the control mechl5 anism.

Fig. 5 is a view, partly in section, taken along the line 5-5 of'Fig. 3 showing another part of the controlmechanism. 1 e

Fig. 6 is a view, partly in section, taken along 20 the line 6-'6 of Fig. 3, showing the adjusting instrumentalities for the hydraulic drive 'mechanisrn.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the hydraulic circuits and drive mechanism of the machine. 25 r For purposes of disclosure, a preferredform of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will hereinafter be described in detail as i applied to a vertical type honing machine, but

it is to be understood that various changes and 30.

brackets Il projecting forwardly from the column are arranged above the slideways and constitute a track or guideway supporting a reciprocatory spindle carriage I2 for movement toward and from the work table.

The spindle carriage i2. as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, includes a. suitable base I3 having at its lower end a generally cylindrical casing Il in which a tool spindle I5 is journaled. The spindle carries a conventional abrasive tool or hone (not shown) for operating on worksupported on the table 9.. A gear box i6 formed integrally with the bue and casing or suitablyjsccured thereto encloses a train of gears for rotating the spindle I5..

For supporting the spindle carriage on the guide bars I0, the base I3 carries a set of generally hydraulic motor spool-shaped rollers I1, two of the rollers being located .at each side of the base and spaced substantially apart longitudinally of the base. Adequate spacing of the rollers is obtained without necessitating undue lengthening of the column of the machine by the particular construction of the base I3 wherein the side portions thereof are in the form of upwardly extending legs I3. The rollers I1 are engageable with the respective guide bars as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 3, and, by reason of their spacing, serve to hold the carriage in exact alinement regardless of lateral strains imposed by the driving or counterbalancing mechanism.

As herein shown, the rollers I1 each consistl of a pair of conventional roller bearing ,units I8 mounted on a stud I9 projecting rearwardly of the base. The bearing units are spaced apart by means of a sleeve 20 `interposed between their inner race 'rings and are held in place by a collar 2| bolted to the end of the stud. To provide a substantial contact surface for engagement with the guide bar, the adjacent edges of the outer race rings of the units are chamfered as at 22. A generally 'cylindrical guard 23 having an opening on the side adjacent the guide Vbar is also secured to the stud I9 to protect the bearings from dirt or grit.

To provide for the adjustment ofthe'rollers I1 relative to the guide bars to take up any play due, for example, to wear of the parts, the supporting stud I9 is mounted in an aperture formed eccentrically in a sleeve 24. The sleeve is rotatably supported in a suitable aperture in the base I3 and is normally held immovableby a pair of locking screws 25. Thus, by simply loosening the screws 25 and rotating the sleeve, the rollers can be moved into tight Iengagement with the guide bars and the rollers are thus enabled to hold the carriage rigidly against lateral movement while oifering a minimum of resistance to its reciprocating movement.

Mounted on the upper end of the column 1 is l a head 25 having an extension 26 projecting forwardly to overhang the work table 9 and spindle carriage I2. A vertical bore 21 in the extension of the head constitutes an operating cylinder for a piston 28 which is utilized as a reciprocatory to reciprocate the spindle carriage throughthe medium of a piston rod 29.

A pneumatic counterbalancing device is provided to relieve the piston 28 of the weight of the spindle carriage and insure uniform smooth stroking of the honing tool. To this end, the

carriage is connected by a piston rod 29Il with a piston reciprocable in a pneumatic cylinder 3|* supported at one 26 with its axisparallel to the axis of movement of the carriage.. Air underpressure supplied to mounting the cylinder the lower end of the cylinder 3|'l acts on the piston to support the weight of the carriage. By at one side of the carriage reciprocating V cylinder 21, as shown in Fig. `2, rather than in axial overall height -of the machine is kept at a ,minimum'. This arrangementis made practicable by reason of the roller support provided for the car-l riage whichfholds the carriage in proper aline- =mentjand effectually prevents it from. jamming on, the ways due to the off-centermounting of the counterbalancing device.

'block is connected side of the cylinder extension alinement therewith, the v mentwith the f, rotatably supported by a bracket Il also carried .bYtheplate4L Thus. when the sleeve is ro- 75 Y v The head 25 also constitutes a housing for a hydraulic spindle rotating motor 30 and to this end is constructed to provide a chamber in which the motor and associated apparatus are supported. Access to the motor is provided by a suitable opening in the side of the head which may be closed by a removable cover plate 3|. Preferably, the head 25, including the cylinder extension 26, is made as a unitary casting thereby providing a strong and extremely rigid construction and reducing the number of separate parts required for the machine with a resultant reduction in the cost of its manufacture.

As will be seen by reference toFig. 7 of the drawings, the -motor 30 is drivingly connected with the spindle I through the medium of a drive shaft 3| and the gear train enclosed in the gear box I6 of the spindle carriage which may be ofany suitable type. The shaft 3| has a splined connection with a spur gear 32 journaled, in the lower part of head 25, the spur gear being driven by a pinion 33 fast on the shaft of the `motor. Thus, the motor 30 is enabled to rotate the spindle I5 while the carriage is reciprocated by the piston 28 operating in the cylinder 21 to produce the particular movements of the honing tool characteristic of the honing operation. In

this connection likewise, the roller mounting of# lized for rotating and reciprocating the tool spindle since, with motors of this character, the rotative and reciprocal speeds of the spindle and Athe hone which it carries are susceptible of infinite variation within predetermined minimum and maximum limits. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in a honing machine as it enables the machine to be quickly and easily adjusted to operate with maximum efficiency on A diiferent classes of work and to produce the desirable smooth true surface finish.

As herein showmthe hydraulic motor is of tle well-known multi-cylinder, oil operated, rotary type having a drive shaft section 35 and a cylinder block section 36 arranged for angular `movement relative to each other to vary the rotative speed of the motor drive shaft. A motor of this type is preferred for rotating the tool spindle since its speed may be varied without restricting the .now of pressure uid.

When the preferred type of hydraulic motor is employed, the drive shaft section 35 of the motor is stationarily mounted in the head 25 and means isv provided for manually adjusting the position of the cylinder block 36 to control the speed of the motor. To this end, the cylinder by a short link 31 with one arm of a bell crank lever in the head 25 as shown inFigs. 1 and 7. Secured to the other arm of the bell crank lever is a second link 39 which extends downwardly into the column 1 and has a pin connection with an actuating rod 40 '.(Flg. 6).

Referring moreA particularly to Fig. 6, the actuating rod 4,0 is slidably supported for vertical movement by a bracket 4I carried by a plate 2 which is adapted tobe bolted to the side of the column- 1 adjacent an opening' 4I formed there- 38 pivotally supported in. A portion of the rod is threadedfor engageinternal threads of a sleeve 43 y far in either direction.

aliases tated, the rod 4@ is shifted axially by reason of the threaded connection between the parts, and the movement of the rod is'ftransmitted through the linkage to the cylinder head 36 to adjust the position of the same. Collars Ma fast on the rod act as stops to prevent it from being moved too As herein shown, the sleeve 43 carries at its upper end a bevel gear 45 meshing with a pinion 46 fast on a transverse shaft t1' journaled in a bearing 48 forming a part of the plate d2. Rotation of the shaft and gear 46 to rotate the sleeve 43 is effected by means of a hand wheel d@ keyed to the outer end of the shaft. A knurled lock nut 50 threaded on the shaft provides a means for locking it against accidental movement. It will be apparent that, with the arrangement shown, the operating speed of the motor 3E may be quickly and easily regulated by simply turning the hand wheel 49. Accurate adjustment is readily obtained since movement of the hand wheel through a relatively large angle produces only a small axial movement of the actuating rod Ml and connecting linkage with a correspondingly small angular movement of the motor cylinder block 36. A tachometer 508 may be mounted on the spindle carriage and operatively associated with the tool spindle I5 to give a visual indication of the rotative speed of the spindle and thus facilitate adjustment of' the same.

Pressure fluid for operating the motor 30 and for reciprocating the piston 28'in the cylinder 21 is supplied by pumps 5I and 52, respectively, through a system of ducts and control valves all of which are enclosed in the hollow column 1. Referring to Fig. 1, it will beobserved that the pump I is mounted on the rear wall of the column adjacent the base thereof and is directly coupled with an electric motor 53 supported on a bracket 5l mounted on the` outside wall of the column. The pump 52 is mounted on the rear wall of the column immediately above the pump 5l and, in the present instance, is driven by the motor 53 through the medium of a V-belt driving connection 55enclosed in a suitable lhousing 56 secured to the column. By thus mounting the motor 53 and the pressure iiuid pumps adjacent the base of the column, la well-balanced machine results and vibration is reduced toa minimum.

The pump 5|, which supplies pressure fluid to the hydraulicmotor 30 may be of any suitable type designed to deliver a constant volume of iluid at the desired pressure. As shown in Fig. '1,

the pump is arranged to draw uid from a storage reservoir or sump 51 through an intake duct 58 and discharge it through a pressure duct 59 leading to a control valve 60. A relief valve 6l interposed in theduct 59 operates-in case the pressure in the line becomes excessive to by-pass the pressure fluid to the sump by way of a return duct or drain 62. K

The valve 60 which controls'the delivery4 oi' pressure fluid to the hydraulic`motcrl 30 is of conventional type and includes a valve member 63 in the form of a plunger having a pair `of spaced piston enlargements reciprocable in a cylinder 64. Actuation of the valve member to open or close the valve is effected either manually or automatically as will appear presently. With the valve member positioned at the left hand end of the cylinder as shown in the drawings, pressure iluid delivered through the duct 59 is returned to` the sump by way of the drain `62. When the valve member is moved 'to the right. the pressure fluid isdirected to a duct 65 leading to .the hydraulic motor 36, thus causing the motor tov operate; Spent pressure fluid from the motor is returned to the sump by way of the drain 62. It will be apparent that the motor 30 may be started and stopped by opening or closing the valve 6U.

'I'he pump 52, which supplies pressure uid to the spindle carriage reciprocating cylinder 21 may be of the variable volume type, although a constant volume pump together with suitable throttle valves may be `employed if desired.

struction as the valve 60, herelnbefore described and is operable both manually and automatically 'to' start and stop reciprocation of the spindle carriage as will be described presently.

The valve 68 has two outlet ports, one port being connected to the drain 62 so that when the valve is in closed position, pressure uid delivered through the duct 61 is returned to the sump 51. The other outlet duct connects with a pressure duct '69 which divides into two branches,v

one branch 16 leading to a pilot valve 1l and the other branch 12 leading to a reversing valve 13 and to the lower end of the cylinder 21. A check valve 12B interposed in the duct 12 operates to maintain suitable pressure in the hydraulic system at all times while a relief valve 13 connected between the duct 12 and the drain 62 prevents the building upl of excessive pressure in the system.

' The reversing valve 13 controls the delivery of pressure iiuid to the cylinder 21 and, in turn, lis controlled by the pilot valve 1I. The latter valve is of the well-known rotary type operable when turned'through a quarter revolution to'connect either of two pairsof ports. The valve 13 comprises a cylindrical casing 14` in which is disposed a plunger constitutinglthe movable valve member. The plunger 15 is provided with three spaced piston enlargements designed to connect an outlet port with either an inlet -port or va drain port according to the position of the plunger.`

The ends of the plunger 15 constitute pistons adapted to operate in cylinders 16 and 11 formed respectively in opposite ends of the casing into which pressure uid is introduced alternately by the operation of the pilot valve 1l, the pressure j' iiuid acting to shift Vthe plunger to the left orright according to the position of the pilot valve. Thus, with the pilot-valve in the position shown in the drawings, pressure fluid from the duct 10 is delivered through a duct 16 into the cylinder 16 and the plunger 15 is shifted to the left. Fluid from the cylinder 11 is simultaneously discharged through a duct 19 and the pilot valve to the drain 62.. When the pilot valve is given a quarter turn.: the pressure duct 10 is connected to the duct 19 and the duct 18 is connected `to the drainf62,

thereby causing the plunger to be shifted to the right.

As will be seen by reference to Fig. '1, valve 13 when positioned as shown in the drawings, closes one outlet of the pressure duct 12 so that the full supply of pressure iiuid is delivered to the lower end ofthe cylinder 21. Interposedl in series in the pressure line leading tothe lower end of the cylinder 21 are a check valve 89 for permitting the free passage of fluid to thecylinder, and a foot valve 8| through which fluid is exhausted pressure, sufiicient to substantially counterbalance the weight of the head and thus assists the pneumatic counterbalancing device in maintaining uniform movement of the head in each stroke of the piston. A

Duringv the` upward travel of the piston 28 fluid is exhausted from the upper end of the cylinder through a duct 82 and the valve 13 to the drain 62. When the valve 13 is reversed, the pressure duct' 12 is connected to the duct 82 so that both ends of the cylinder 21 are open to the pressure fluid. Due to the presence of the piston rod 29 in the lower end of the cylinder, however, the effective area presented by the top of the piston 28 is greater than thev effective area of the bottom of the piston. The pressure uid introduced into the upper end of the cylinder is accordingly effective against this differential area to force the piston downwardly in the cylinder. In this downward movement of the piston, the fluid from the lower end of the cylinder is exhausted through the foot valve 8| into the pressureduct 12 and reinforces the supply of uid delivered` to the upper end of the cylinder. With proper proportioning of the bottom and top areas of the piston 28 and the proper adjustment of the foot valve 8|, absolute uniformity of stroking which is essentialfor extremely accurate work is readily obtained.

As explained heretofore, the pressure fluid supplied by the pump 52 to the spindle carriage,k reciprocating cylinder 21 is varied to control the reciprocating speed4 of the tool spindle. In the -particular pump herein shown, variation of the pressure fluid supply is effected by varying the output of the pump through the medium of an Vadjusting member 83 (see Fig. '7) located on the top'of the pump. To facilitate such positioning of the member 83, a simple and accurate adjusting mechanism readily accessible for manual actuation by an attendant is provided.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 6, the adjusting mechanism is mounted on the plate 42 at one side of the column 1 and closely adjacent the pump 52. A bar 84 connects the adjusting member 83 of the pump with one end of a rod 85 which isthreaded into a sleeve 86 rotatably supported in a bearing 81 bolted or otherwise secured to the plate 42. Rotation of the sleeve 86 is effected by means of a hand-wheel 88 keyed to the outer end of 'the sleeve. The rotation of the sleeve produces an axial movement of the rod 85 by reasonof its threaded connection with the sleeve, and the movement of the rod is transmitted to the pump adjusting member 483 by the bar'84., -A knurled lock nut 89 threaded onto the end of the sleeve enables the handwheel to be clamped tightly against the end of the bearing 81 and thus prevents accidental operation of the adjusting mechanism. Inward movement of the rod 85 is limited by a stop 99 supported on an extension of the bearing 81 for engagement with the end of the rod, the position of the stop being adjustable 'through the medium of an adjusting screw 9| threading into the bearing member.

Suitable control means are provided for controlling the Yvarious operations of the machine.

In general, the control means may be said to conform closely to those shown in my prior Patent No. 1,945,045, granted January 30, 1934,

with certain modifications in the construction and arrangement of the parts to provide a simple and more compact assembly and to enable the controls to be enclosed within the frame of the machine. 5

been discussed hereinbefore. The mechanism in-i* l0 cludes a vertically disposed shaft 92 rotatably supported by brackets 93 and 93a' at one side of the column 1. The shaft carries a valve operator" 94 in the form of a crank arm operatively connected with the plunger of the valve 69 by a rod 15 95. A sleeve 96 rotatably mounted on the shaft carries a valve operator 91 operatively connected with the plunger of the valve 68 by a rod 98.

Hand levers 99 and |99 are secured to the shaft and sleeve, respectively, for manually rotating .20

them to operate the valves. The two hand levers are normally locked together for unitary operation by suitable latching means adapted to be released by a releasing lever I9I mounted on the lever 99. Thus the two valve operators may be 2l actuated as a'unit or separately, as desired, to control the starting and stopping of the machine.

Means is also provided for actuating the valve operators in response to the spindle carriage be- -ing raised to its uppermost limit. To this end,

the shaft 92 carries an arm |02 adapted to cooperate with a cam |93 mounted on the carriage base I3. The cam is formed with an inclined surface operative in the upward movement of the carriage to cam the arm |92 outwardly. Thus the shaft 92 and sleeve 96, which is connected theretoby the locked hand levers, together with their respective valve operators, are shifted to valve closing position thereby' stopping the rotation and reciprocation of the tool spindle I5.

trolled by a skip-stop mechanism operating in conjunction with the pilot valve 1| and an automatic stroke counter, generally designated by the reference character |94, cooperating with the 4;,

skip-stop mechanism. By reason of the improved arrangement and interconnection of the mechanism and the counter, the number of separate parts required is reduced to' a minimum, construction is materially simplified, and a compact 50 assembly adapted to be entirely enclosed in the frame of the machine is obtained.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the skip-stop mechanism includes a control rod |95 disposed within the hollow column 1 and extending parallel to 5r,

nection. The bushing is rotatably supported by 60 a bracket |91 on the interior wall of the column 1 and has a laterally extending crank arm |96 by which it may be rotated as will appear presently. With this arrangement, the control rod is freely movable endwise in the bushing |96 65 but is constrained to move with the bushing when the same is rotated.

Mounted at spaced points on the control rod |95 are a pair of limit stops |98 (see Fig. 3) and |98 (see Fig. 4) ofgenrally disk shaped form, 70

which are preferably set todefine the extreme limits of spindle carriage movement, that is, the limits of the tool stroke. An intermediate stop |99 such as that shown in my prior Patent No.

'1,945,045, above referred to, is provided, this stop 75 4|) Reciprocation of the spindle carriage is conhaving a yieldable arm to provide for one-way operation. 'I'he stop |09 may be set in the usual manner to define, with the stop |08a the limits of the working stroke of the tool.

As herein shown, the stops |08, |08"=L and |03 are positioned for engagement by an actuating arm secured to the base I3 of the spindle carriage and projecting rearwardly therefrom through a vertical slot ||2 in the face of the column V1. The arm on engaging a stop, is eiective to shift the control rod in the direction of movement of the spindle carriage and, through the medium of appropriate actuating mechanism, operate the pilot Valve 1| and the stroke counter |04.

The intermediate stop |00 is so constructed that, when the control rod is rotated out of its normal position, the arm ||0 is withdrawn from the path of the actuating arm thereby permitting the spindle carriage to continue its upward travel until the actuating arm engages the limit stop |08 whereupon the machine is stopped in the usual manner. Rotation of the control rod is effected either manually through the medium of a hand lever ||3 or automatically by a solenoid ||4 (see Figs. 3 and 5)- operatively connected with the arm |063 of the sleeve |06.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 3 and 5,`

it will be observed that the hand lever I |3 is slidably supported for endwise movement in an clon# gated bearing I5 formed in the wall of a housing ||6 secured to a side wall of the column 'I'he inner end of the lever is connected by a link with one arm of a bell crank lever 8 pivotally supported in the housing. -The solenoid 4 is supported in the casing opposite the hand lever and its armature ||9 is connected to the arm of the bell crank lever vin common with the hand lever whereby the bell crank lever may be rocked about its pivot by the energization of the solenoid.

A connecting rod ||-la (Fig. 3)v connects the other arm of the bell crank lever ||8 with the crank arm |06a so that the bushing |06 and control rod -|05 are rotated out of normal position when the bell crank lever is rocked either by the manipulation of the hand lever ||3 or by the energization of the solenoid'l |4. The control rod is automatically returned to normal position and maintained therein by a compression spring |20 which encircles the connecting rod H98 with its opposite ends bearing, respectively, against the wall of the casing I6 and a collar |2| fast on the connecting rod.

'I'he actuating mechanism for the stroke counter and pilot valve includes a rock shaft |22 ocated to the rear of and extending transversely of the control rod |05. The rock shaft is journaled in an elongated bearing |23 carried by a frame |24 mounted on the interior wall of the column 1, the frame also providing a support for the stroke counter |04 and associated apparatus (See Fig. 4.)

Fast on the inner end of the rock shaft |22 is a double armed lever |25. One arm of the lever is disposed between a pairof spaced'collars |26 fast onthe control rod |05 whereby the lever and the shaft |22 are rocked incident to the shifting of the control rod. The other arm of the lever is connected by means of a link |2`| with a counter operating bar |28 slidably supported in spaced bearings |29 carried by the frame |24..

The bar |28 is arranged to operate a mechanical counter or register |30 which may be of any suitable type such as the counter shown in my prior Patent No. 1,945,045 granted January 30,

1934. Each stroke of the spindle carriage, represented by one of the movements of the control rod |05, is registered on the counter and, after accumulating a predetermined number of strokes, the

A counter operates to complete an energizing circuit for the solenoid I4 in the usual manner. In this way, the reciprocation of the spindle carriage is interrupted automatically and the carriage and honing tool are automatically withdrawn to starting position.

The return of the spindle carriage to starting position automatically resets the 'counter |30 through the medium of resetting means such as that disclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,945,045, including a rod1`|3| (see Figs. 3 and 4) slidably mounted for vertical reciprocation a-t one side'of the control rod '|05. The rod |3| carries on its upper end a collar or stop |32 engageable by an auxiliary arm |33 secured to the actuating arm of the spindle carriage which moves the rod into its upper position and holds it there when the carriage returns to starting position. The rod is provided on its lower end with a toothed rack meshing with a resetting pinion |34 forming a Part of the counter.- The counter is thus automatically conditioned for controlling the' next operating cycle of thetnachine in response to the return of the spindle carriage to starting position.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 5, it will be observed that the end of the rock shaft |22 opposite the end carrying the lever |25 extends into the housing l I6 and has secured to it a double armed lever |35. One arm of the lever |35 is connected by a link |36 with a pilot valve operator |31 which is operative to Aset the pilot valve in either of its two positions. Thus when the control rod |05 is shifted upwardly, the shaft |22 is rocked in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5 and the valve operator is shifted tothe right to vset the pilot valve in the position shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings. Upon movement of the control rod and rock shaft in the opposite direction, the valve operator is moved to the left to reverse the pilot valve.

Manual operation of the pilot valve is effected by means of a hand lever |38 slidably supported the hand lever to follow each movement of the lever |35 when the valve is operated under control of the skip-stop mechanism.

The operation of the machine may be sumthat the cylinder to benished has been loaded on the work table 9 -and alined for proper engagement with the hone carried by the spindle for endwise movement in a bearing |39 formed .marized briey as follows: It may be assumed I5, the hone, of course, being in withdrawn or starting position at this time. The hydraulic motor 30 is then adjusted by means of the hand-Y wheel 49-so that it willrotate the spindle I5 and honing tool at the desired rate as determined by the size of the cylinder and the material from which it is constructed. The pump 52 is also adjusted by means of the handwheel 08 to co` ordinate the reciprocal speed of the hone with its rotative speed. Y

Having made the necessary speed adjustments, the machine is started in operation by unlatching the levers 99 land |00 and moving the latter toward the machine. Control valve 60 is thus set in the running position and pressure fluid fromk the pump 52 is supplied to the upper end of the cylinder 21 causing the spindle carriage to advance the hone into engagement with the Work. A'I'he spindle rotating motor may be started in operation as soon as the spindle carriage moves out of startingposition by moving the lever 99 until it again registers with and locks to the lever |00.

In the downward movement of the spindle car- 10 riage, the actuating arm passes over the intermediate stop |09 without shifting the control rod, movement of the carriage continuing until the actuator engages the limit stop |08. This shifts the control rod and thereby operates the pilot valve 1| which in turn operates the reversing valve 13 to effect a reversal of the supply of pressure fluid to the carriage reciprocating cylinder 21. The carriage is therefore moved upwardly until the actuating arm engages the intermediate stop |09 and shifts the: control rod to its alternate position operating the pilot valve to again reverse the movement of the spindle carriage.

Reciprocation of the spindle carriage within the operatingrange defined by the stops |09 and |08a continues'until the stop |09 is moved out of the path of the actuating arm either by the manual operation of the hand lever I I3 or b'y the energization of the solenoid ||4 through 80 the action of the stroke counter |04. The carriage is then permitted to move upwardly until the cam |03 engages the arm |02 to return the control levers 99 and |00 to their initial position whereby the control valves 60 and 68 are closed.

In the return of the carriage to starting position, the actuating arm engages the stop |08 and reversesthe pilot valve 1| sothat, when the machine is again started, the carriage will be given a downward movement.

If the next cylinder to be operated on by the machine is of different size or of different material than the preceding cylinder, the speed of the hydraulic motor 30 and output of the pump 52 may be adjusted to provide the exact rotative and reciprocal hone speeds required for this partic'ular cylinder. The adjustment is quickly and accurately effected by simply turning the handwheels 49 and 88.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that I 50. have provided animproved honing machine of simple and rugged construction in which the controls are arranged in a compact assembly and completely enclosed in the frame of the machine. The machine has a wide range, of adaptability 65 whereby cylinders of widely. varying sizes and of diiierent materials may be finished accurately and efiiciently. By utilizing hydraulic driving mechanism both for rotating and reciprocating the tool spindle, the rotative and' reciprocal 00 speeds of the spindle can be varied in incremental steps to enable the honing tool to operate with maximum efliciency regardless of the cylinder being operated on. The rotative and reciprocal speeds of the hone can be accurately coordinated 65 to produce the most satisfactory surface finish on different types of work. Moreover, the hone may be reciprocated rapidly without shock or vibration and with substantially uniform stroking.

I claim as my invention:

70"' 1. A honing machine having, in combination, a work supporting table, a reciprocatory carriage supported for movement toward or from said table, a tool spindle adapted to carry a honing tool for operating on work supported on said '(5 table, said spindle being rotatably supported on said carriage and reciprocable therewith, and hydraulic means for rotating said spindle and for reciprocating said carriage in predetermined timed relation thereto to enable the tool to operate upon the work with maximum eiciency, said 5 hydraulic means comprising a variable speed rotary hydraulic motor for rotating the spindle, a reciprocatory hydraulic motor for reciprocating the carriage, means for varying the operating speeds of said motors, manually controlled means 10 for starting said motors independently of said speed controlling means, and automatically operated means for stopping both of said motors simultaneously.

2. In a honing machine, in combination, a hollow upright column having an elongated slot formed vertically in the face thereof, a reciprocatory carriage supported on the face of said column, a rigid arm secured to said carriage and projecting rearwardly therefrom into said column through said slot, pressure fluid operated meansl for imparting continuousl reciprocatory movement to said carriage, valve means controlling said pressure uid means to limit the range of movement of said carriage, a control rod slidably supported for endwise movement in said column rearwardly of said slot and extending substantially parallel to the axis of movement of said carriage, a pair of stop members mounted on said control rod in position respectively to 30 engage said arm as the carriage approaches the limits of its travel whereby the rod is alternately moved in opposite directions, and means enclosed within said column operatively connecting said rod with said valve means to enable the rod to 35 control the valve incident to its movements by said arm.

3. In a honing machine, in combination, a hollow upright column, a reciprocatory carriage supported on the face of said column, an elongated slot in the face of the column extending parallel to the path of movementof said carriage, a rigid arm secured to said carriage and projecting rearward therefrominto said column through said slot, pressure uid operated means for imparting 45 continuous reciprocatory movement to said car-A riage, valve means enclosed in said column operative to control said pressure fluid means to limit the range of movement of said carriage, a control rod rotatably and slidably supported for end- 50 wise movement in said column rearwardly of said slot andextending substantially parallel to the axis of movement of said carriage, a pair of stop members mounted on said control rod in position respectively to engage said arm as the carriage approaches the extreme limits of its travel whereby the rod is moved endwise in the direction of movement of the carriage, an intermediate stop mounted on said control rod adapted to be selectively moved by rotation of the rod uo.

into and out of position to operatively engage said arm, mechanism adapted to count the strokes of said carriage and operative to automatically control the rotation of said rod, and commonmeanscontrolled by said rod in its movement by said arm for operating said valve means and said counting mechanism.

4. In a honing machine, in combination, an upright column, a reciprocatory carriage, a tool spindle rotatably supported on said carriageand reciprocable therewith, means for rotating said spindle including a. motor supported on said column and a drive shaft operatively connecting the motor with the spindle, said shaft being disposed laterally of the axis of the spindle and'u carriage and extending generally parallel to the reciprocatory path of the carriage, and means supporting said carri-age for reciprocation on said column effective to counteract the torque exerted on the carriage by said shaft incident to the rotation of the spindle, said supporting means comprlsing a pair of vertically disposed cylindrical guide bars mounted on the column in parallel spaced relation, and avplurality of roller members mounted at substantially spaced points on opposite sides of said carriage and engageable with the respective guide bars to prevent lateral movements of the carriage while permitting free reciprocatory movement thereof.

5. In a honing machine, in combination, an upright column, a tool spindle carriage adapted to be reciprocated relative to said column in a substantially vertical plane, means for reciprocating the carriage, counterbalancing means 'operatlve to exert a force tending to move the carriage upwardly to counterbalance the weight thereof, said counterbalanclng means having an off-center connection with the carriage, and means for supporting said carriage for reciprocation and for preventing the carriage from jamming due to the application of the counterbalancing force at an oil-center point on the carriage, said supporting means comprising a pair of vertically disposed cylindrical guide bars mounted on the column in parallel spaced relation and a plurality of roller members mounted at substantially spaced points on opposite sides of said carriage and operatively engageable with said guide bars.

6. In a honing machine, in combination, an upright column, a tool spindle carriage adapted to be reciprocated relative to said column in a substantially vertical plane, means for reciprocating the carriage, counterbalancing means operative to exert a force tending to move the carriage upwardly to counterbalance the weight thereof, said counterbalancing means including a pneumatic cylinder and piston mounted above the carriage, said cylinder being arranged with its axis parallel to the reciprocatory path of the carriage and said piston being operatively connected to the carriage at a point spaced laterally of the axial center of the carriage, and means supporting said carriage for reciprocation and for counteracting the eiect of the o-center connection of said counterbalancing piston, said supporting means comprising a pair of vertically disposed cylindrical guide bars mounted on said column 'in parallel spaced relation and a plurality of roller members mounted at opposite sides of the carriage and substantially spaced apart in the direction of carriage movement, said roller members operatively engaging the respective guide bars to prevent lateral movements of the carriage while permitting the same to reciprocate freely on the bars.

7. A honing machine having, in combination, a hollow upright column, a work supporting table mounted on the face of the column, a reciproca- L tory carriage supported on the face of the column for movement toward and from said table, a spindle adapted to carry a honing tool for operating on work supported on the table, said spindle being rotatably supported o n said carriage and reciprocable therewith, a head mounted at the top of said column, means for reciprocating said carriage comprising a cylinder disposed in said Yhead above said carriage with its axis extendingY substantially parallel to the reciprocatory path of the carriage, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and operatively connected with the carriage, means for rotating said spindle simultaneously with the reciprocation of said carriage comprising a rotary hydraulic motor enclosed in said head and drivingly connected with said spindle, pressure lluid pumps for supplying pressure fluid to said cylinder and said hydraulic motor, an electric motor for driving said pumps, and means for supporting said electric motor whereby a minimum of the motor vibration is transmitted to said column and the elements supported thereon comprising a bracket mounted on said column closely adjacent the base thereof.

8. In a honing machine having, in combination, an upright column, a work supporting table mounted on the face of the column, a reciprocatory carriage supported on the face of the column for movement toward and from said table, a spindle adapted to carry a honing tool for operating on work supported on said table, said spindle being rotatably .supported on said carriage and reciprocable therewith, means for reciprocating said carriage comprising a piston operatively connected with the carriage and operating in a cylinder mounted at the top of said column, a rotary hydraulic motor mounted at the top of said column, means connecting said spindle for rotation by said motor comprising a shaft driven by the motor extending substantially parallel to the axis of the spindle and drivingly connected therewith at a point below said cylinder, pressure uid pumps for supplying pressure fluidv to said hydraulic motor and said cylinder to rotate and reciprocate the spindle, an electric motor for driving said pumps, and means for supporting said electric motor on said column so as to minimize vibration of the machine comprising a supporting member mounted on the column closely adjacent the base thereof. A

9. A honing machine comprising, in combination, an upright column, `a work supporting table mounted at one side of said column, a reciprocating carriage supported on the column for movement toward and from said table, a tool carrying spindle rotatably supported on said carriage and reciprocable vtherewith for operating on work supported on said table, hydraulically operated carriage reciprocating means supported adjacent the top of said column, hydraulically operated spindle rotating means also supported adjacent the top of said column, means for supplying pressure fluid to said hydraulically operated means, an electric motor for operating said pressure fluid supply means, and means for supporting said electric motor and said pressure fluid supply means adjacent the base of saidcolumn to minimize vibration of the machine.

ALBERT MI; JOHNSON. 

